Intergenerational Mobility (Changes) in Education: High school exit exams are correlated with lack of increase

Although the measurement of intergenerational income mobility has seen a rapid increase in attention and policy discussions, similar examinations of educational mobility in the U.S. are lacking. This paper begins to fill this gap by documenting differences in educational mobility across time (1982-2004) and geography (U.S. states).

The study complements recent estimates of intergenerational income mobility because educational mobility both contributes to income mobility and is a target for education policies.

The study finds that mobility fluctuated: decreasing over roughly the first decade and increasing in the second. In addition, there is also substantial geographic variation in education mobility.

The study identifies local community and policy factors, such as the existence of high school exit exams, that are correlated with educational mobility as well as a lack of increase in mobility in the South.