Screen use among US youth remains a concern, with adolescents aged 13 to 18 years spending 8.5 hours daily on average using screen-based media. Smartphone use during school has become a concern, and school-based smartphone bans have been increasingly considered. Smartphones may distract from classroom learning and opportunities for real-world interactions. However, it is unclear how adolescents are using smartphones during school. Emerging consensus is that measuring screen time alone is insufficient to appreciate its effects. That is, what adolescents are viewing (content) and what activities are potentially being displaced (context/timing) may be salient factors for developmental outcomes. To address this gap in the literature, this study used passive sensing to characterize the duration and content of smartphone use during school.
The researchers found that adolescents spent an average of 1.5 hours (95% CI, 1.31-1.73) on smartphones during the 6.5 hours of school, accounting for approximately 27% of average 24-hour phone use of 5.59 hours daily. In this sample, 25% of adolescents spent more than 2 hours on their phone during school. By number of users, the top 5 most used apps or categories (excluding internet browsers) were messaging, Instagram, video streaming, audio, and email.
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