School Choice in the United States: 2019 uses recent data from multiple National Center for Education Statistics surveys to describe the landscape of school choice in the United States.
The report discusses the changes over time in enrollment in elementary and secondary traditional public, public charter, and private schools, as well as changes in the number of students who were homeschooled. It includes information on the characteristics and achievement of students enrolled in public and private schools, as well as characteristics of students who were homeschooled. It also includes information on public and private school students’ reports of incidents related to school crime and safety, as well as parental choices and satisfaction.
- Although total enrollment in traditional public schools was 1 percent higher in 2016 (47.3 million) than in 2000 (46.6 million), public charter school enrollment increased much more rapidly, growing by more than 5 times from 0.4 million students in fall 2000 to 3.0 million students in fall 2016. The number of homeschooled students ages 5 to 17 with a grade equivalent of kindergarten through grade 12 in 2016 (1.7 million) was almost double the number in 1999 (0.9 million).
- Compared with traditional public school students, a higher percentage of public charter school students in fall 2016 were enrolled in high-poverty schools (34 vs. 24 percent) and a lower percentage were enrolled in low-poverty schools (20 vs. 21 percent).
- In 2016, the percentage of students who were homeschooled was higher for White (3.8 percent) and Hispanic (3.5 percent) students than for Black (1.9 percent) and Asian (1.4 percent) students.
- A higher percentage of students enrolled in grades 1 through 12 who lived in cities (53 percent) than of students in the same grade range who lived in suburban areas (37 percent), towns (36 percent), and rural areas (32 percent) had parents who reported that public school choice was available.
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